cho x,y,z>0 và x\(^2\)+y\(^2\)+z\(^2\) =3
CMR\(\dfrac{1}{1+xy}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{1+yz}+\dfrac{1}{1+xz}\)\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Cho x,y,z > 0 có xy+yz+xz = 3xyz CMR : \(\dfrac{x^3}{x^2+z}+\dfrac{y^3}{y^2+x}+\dfrac{z^3}{z^2+y}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(xy+yz+xz=3xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=3\)
Mà theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Do đó: \(3\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq 3\)
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Ta có: \(\text{VT}=x-\frac{xz}{x^2+z}+y-\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+z-\frac{yz}{z^2+y}\)
\(=(x+y+z)-\left(\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+\frac{yz}{z^2+y}+\frac{xz}{x^2+z}\right)\)
\(\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{xy}{\sqrt{xy^2}}+\frac{yz}{\sqrt{z^2y}}+\frac{xz}{\sqrt{x^2z}}\right)\) (AM-GM)
\(=x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})\)
Tiếp tục AM-GM: \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\leq \frac{x+1}{2}+\frac{y+1}{2}+\frac{z+1}{2}=\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}\)
Suy ra:
\(\text{VT}\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}(x+y+z)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\geq \frac{9}{4}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$
Cho x, y, z >0 thỏa mãn : xyz=1. CMR :
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{1+z^2+x^2}}{xz}\ge3\sqrt{3}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xy}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{yz}}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{xz}>=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{xz}}\)
=>\(VT>=\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)=3\sqrt{3}\)
cho x,y,z ≥ 0, chứng minh
1)\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+y}}\ge\dfrac{4}{4+x+y}\)
2)\(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+yz}\)
Chứng minh bằng phép biến đổi tương đương:
1.
\(\Leftrightarrow4+x+y\ge4\sqrt{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-4\sqrt{x+y}+4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+y}-2\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng
2.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+z}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+yz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)\ge4xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+x^2z+y^2z+z^2y-4xyz\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x^2+z^2-2xz\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x-z\right)^2+z\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)
Cho x, y, z khác 0, \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\). Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{yz}{x^2}+\dfrac{xz}{y^2}+\dfrac{xy}{z^2}=3\)
Trước hết, ta đi chứng minh một bổ đề sau: Nếu \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\). Thật vậy, ta phân tích
\(P=a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(P=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\)
\(P=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(P=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\).
Hiển nhiên nếu \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(P=0\) hay \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\), bổ đề được chứng minh.
Do \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\) nên áp dụng bổ đề, ta được \(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}=\dfrac{3}{xyz}\).
Vì vậy \(\dfrac{yz}{x^2}+\dfrac{zx}{y^2}+\dfrac{xy}{z^2}=\dfrac{xyz}{x^3}+\dfrac{xyz}{y^3}+\dfrac{xyz}{z^3}\) \(=xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\) \(=xyz.\dfrac{3}{xyz}=3\). Ta có đpcm
a, Cho x, y, z > 0 \(\in[0,1]\). Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{x}{yz+1}+\dfrac{y}{xz+1}+\dfrac{z}{xy+1}< 2\)
b, x, y, z > 0 : xyz = 1. Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+2y+3}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+2z^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+2x^2+3}\le2\)
Cho \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y;z>=0\\x+y+z=2\end{matrix}\right.\) CMR \(\dfrac{1}{x^2-xy+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2-yz+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2-xz+x^2}\ge3\)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x\ge y\ge z\)
\(y^2-yz+z^2=y^2+\left(z-y\right)y\le y^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{y^2-yz+z^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{y^2}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{z^2-xz+x^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{x^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{1}{x^2-xy+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}=\dfrac{1}{x^2-xy+y^2}+\dfrac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x^2y^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x^2y^2\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}}+\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{3}{xy}\ge\dfrac{12}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{12}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;1;0\right)\) và hoán vị
Cho x,y,z và xyz \(\ge\) 1. CMR: \(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x+\sqrt{yz}}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{y+\sqrt{xz}}}+\dfrac{z}{\sqrt{z+\sqrt{xy}}}\ge\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
cho x,y,z>0 và \(x+y+z=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2+xy+y^2}}{4yz+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y^2+yz+z^2}}{4zx+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z^2+xz+x^2}}{4xy+1}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(VT=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2-xy}}{4yz+1}\ge\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2}}{\left(y+z\right)^2+1}=\sum\dfrac{\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(x+y\right)}{\left(y+z\right)^2+1}\)
Set \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\y+z=b\\z+x=c\end{matrix}\right.\)thì giả thiết trở thành \(a+b+c=3\) và cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.\sum\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)( đến đây quen thuộc rồi)
Ta có:\(\sum\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}=\sum a-\sum\dfrac{ab^2}{b^2+1}\ge3-\sum\dfrac{ab^2}{2b}\)(AM-GM)
\(VT\ge3-\sum\dfrac{ab}{2}\ge3-\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)( AM-GM)
Vậy ta có đpcm.Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1 hay \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
cho x,y,z là số thực dương thỏa mãn xy+yz+xz=xyz
cmr \(\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{yz}{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{xz}{y^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Gọi cái thiệt gớm đó là P
Ta có:
\(xy+yz+zx=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{1+x}{64y}+\dfrac{1+y}{64x}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}.\dfrac{1+x}{64y}.\dfrac{1+y}{64x}}=\dfrac{3}{16z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16z}-\dfrac{1}{64x}-\dfrac{1}{64y}-\dfrac{1}{32}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta cũng có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{yz}{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16x}-\dfrac{1}{64y}-\dfrac{1}{64z}-\dfrac{1}{32}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{zx}{y^3\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16y}-\dfrac{1}{64z}-\dfrac{1}{64x}-\dfrac{1}{32}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{16}.\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{1}{32}.\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{3}{32}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{16}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{3}{32}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=3\)
Đặt cái ban đầu là P
Ta có: \(xy+yz+zx=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)
Ta lại có:
\(\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{1+x}{64x}+\dfrac{1+y}{64y}\ge\dfrac{3}{16z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16z}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64x}-\dfrac{1}{64y}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{yz}{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16x}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64y}-\dfrac{1}{64z}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{zx}{y^3\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16y}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64z}-\dfrac{1}{64x}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có:
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{1}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{3}{32}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{16}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{3}{32}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=3\)
Cho 3 số dương x,y,z thỏa mãn: xy + yz + xz = 671
\(CM:\dfrac{x}{x^2-yz+2013}+\dfrac{y}{y^2-xz+2013}+\dfrac{z}{z^2-xy+2013}\ge\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
Ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^3-xyz-2013x}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^3-xyz-2013y}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^3-xyz-2013z}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz-2013.\left(z+y+z\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{\left(x+y+x\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left[\left(x+y+z\right).\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-xyz\right]}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}=VP\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Đpcm.